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Shri Datta Swami

 19 Aug 2025

 

Shri RaadhaaKrishna Gita: Chapter-2: The Essence of Sainthood-Yoga (Verses 9-41)

(Samnyāsa Tattva Yogaḥ)

Verses
1-8 9-41 42-72  
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Kantā kāñcana kāṣāyāḥ,
guravo lokadūṣitāḥ |
Sadguruśca tathā magno,
hema hemāvṛteṣviva ||

[Although the human spiritual preachers (Gurus) wear the orange robes externally, they are internally fascinated towards money and illegal sex. These gurus are criticized by the public. Since the true divine spiritual preacher wearing orange robes also exists in this same world, He also gets criticized by the public in par with other fraud preachers. When a gold item, which is gold internally as well as externally, is placed among the rolled gold items, it also gets treated as the rolled gold item only. The rolled gold items are coated by gold externally, but, are not gold internally.]

 

Karmayoge karmaṇo hi,
saṃnyāsastat phalasya ca |
Gīto jīvasya yogāya,
na guro rartha kāminaḥ ||

[In the Gita, the final step called Karma Yoga or practice is praised in the spiritual path. This Karma Yoga is of two parts:- i) Karma Saṃnyāsa or sacrifice of physical energy in the form of service to God and ii) Karma Phala Tyāga or sacrifice of the fruit of work in the form of sacrifice to God. These two are told in view of the spiritual welfare of the soul and not told in view of the materialistic welfare of the human preacher, who always aspires for the materialistic progress in his/her mind.]

 

Sadguro ravatārasya,
na kāmyaṃ sarvadāyinaḥ |
Gurośca Daiva viśvāsāt,
kartavyaṃ Daivabhāṣaṇam ||

[The divine spiritual preacher, being Himself the incarnation of God and being the giver of the wealth to all people, does not aspire for any materialistic gift from anybody. The human spiritual preacher, of course, is in need of the materialistic help from the public for his/her maintenance, but, even he/she shall not aspire for any materialistic help from anybody. He/she shall preach the spiritual knowledge to the public with full faith on God, who is the giver of everything to everybody. God will certainly take care of such human preacher with full pleasure.]

 

Ayācakāya manasā,
 Gurave dakṣiṇā matā |
Daiva saṅkalpa bhāvāya,
mānuṣam bodhakarma tat ||

[The human preacher shall not aspire for any materialistic benefit from anybody even in the mind. If somebody is offering Guru Dakshina or sacrifice of fruit of work (Karma Phala Tyāga) to the spiritual preacher by his/her own will, the preacher shall think that God is helping that preacher through that human being and shall accept it as the grace of God. If the preacher is rejecting such offer, the preacher is insulting God. For the sake of humanity, God comes down as human incarnation or Sadguru for preaching the true spiritual knowledge. Similarly, God does any action through human form only.]

 

Evaṃ kāñanavat kāntā,
niṣkāmena na bhāvyatām |
Ādyaḥ prāṇe janasyāpi,
paraḥ kevala mātmanaḥ ||

[I have explained so far about wealth (kāñcanam). Now, I will explain about illegal sex (kāntā). I told that when the preacher is not aspiring for money, if somebody comes and gives money as Guru Dakshina, the preacher shall accept it as the grace of God. This policy shall not be applied to the case of a female. If some female comes and offers herself to the preacher as Guru Dakshina, the preacher shall not accept it as the grace of God saying that he himself is not aspiring for the union of any female and hence, such offer shall be the will of God only! There is a lot of difference between these two aspects. Money is necessary for the preacher to save the life of self as well as his/her family. Sex with other females is not necessary like money since this is extra illegal enjoyment confined to the self only.]

 

Kāmo'pi niyataḥ kṣudvat,
pūrvaḥ kevala mānasaḥ |
Bhaktyā tyājyaḥ purā śiṣyān,
sabhāryā guravo gatāḥ ||

[You may argue that pacification of lust is also a biological need like hunger and thirst. If lust is not pacified, life will not go. But, if the hunger or thirst is not satisfied, life will be lost! In fact, lust is a mental feeling only, which can be completely conquered by constant mental interest-based concentration on God. If a preacher is not able to overcome lust for the sake of God, he/she shall be married duly and then start the propagation of knowledge and devotion about God. Based on this concept, in the ancient days, once every year, the gurus or human preachers were travelling along with their wives to the houses of various disciples living in different places for the sake of propagation of spiritual knowledge.]

 

Duṣpravṛtti pravṛttyarthe,
śṛṅgārā''karṣaṇaṃ balam |
Sadgurossṛṣṭti śaktyā'stu,
vyāghra jambūka carmavat ||

[If you say that a soul in Dushpravrutti can be transformed into Pravrutti by attracting such soul through illegal sex only, the human preacher shall not imitate the Divine Preacher or Sadguru since a fox cannot become tiger by placing dark scars on its skin! The Sadguru being God can create His duplicate forms and can manage such program like this Rāsa-dance, whereas a human guru cannot manage such program in this way since he is not omnipotent lacking the power of creation of souls.]

 

Svasur bhartā kalirduṣṭaḥ,
jīva bhāva janiḥ kaliḥ |
Jīvānāṃ vāsanā rūpaḥ,
na kalissannidhau satām ||

[The coming Kali age is going to be the worst. You cannot blame this situation due to the external atmosphere of Kali age influenced by the worst demon called Kali Purusha, who marries his own sister! However, this external atmosphere is formed only by the contribution of such worst individual human beings only. Kali is the assumed personification of sinful mentalities of the individual souls and is not an independent individual. Therefore, Kali cannot enter into the place, where good, devoted people with good mentalities exist.]

 

Kālākāśa catusskandhe,
Jīvāvāsa pradeśataḥ |
Yugo vijñāyate bhāvaiḥ,
Kalau satya yugo'pi ca ||

[Based on this reason only, it is told that any age can exist in any other age. If there are bad people in the first age called Kruta age, that place containing bad people is Kali age. If there are good people in the last Kali age, that place containing good people is Kruta age. In this way, the word ‘age’ does not represent any particular time but represents the particular place containing people of a specific nature. This interpretation is possible because time is the fourth dimension of the three-dimensional place. This means that if a group of souls are involved in spiritual discussions (Satsanga) in a place, that place occupied by such good souls becomes the first Kruta age even in the last Kali age.]

 

Jīvānāṃ saṅkhyayā proktāḥ,
Yugadharmāḥ na sarvadhīḥ |
Keciddeśā viruddhāssyuḥ,
Tattadyuga vilakṣaṇāḥ ||

[However, a particular age is called as good or bad based on the majority of good or bad places in that age. Hence, we should not conclude that the entire world is either good or bad in any particular age, which is said to be good or bad based on the majority of people. There can be minor number of places opposing the general nature of an age.]

 

Dehakāśāya kāmātma -
jīvāḥ kali yuge same |
Mahārāse bahir gopī -
śṛṅgāro'ntastapo'gnayaḥ ||

[The situation in the coming Kali age will be very worst due to external orange robes and internal bad scents of materialistic and illegal desires. The present Mahā Rāsa dance represents the reverse of the above said situation because here, the Gopikas representing externally romantic dance are internally the sages, who are burning penance-fires.]

 

Pravṛttirdhārmikairbandhaiḥ,
Duṣpravṛtti radhārmikaiḥ |
Nivṛttissarvabandhebhyo,
Mokṣo Brahmaika bandhanāt||

[Pravrutti is trapping of the soul by justified worldly bonds like wife, children etc. Dushpravrutti is trapping of the soul by unjust worldly bonds like a prostitute, bad friend etc. Nivrutti is salvation from both justified and unjust worldly bonds due to the single bond formed with God.]

 

Devarṣīṇāṃ manuṣyāṇām,
krameṇa paśu rakṣasām |
Nivṛttiśca pravṛttiśca,
duṣpravṛttiśca yujyate ||

[Souls are classified as sages along with angels, human beings and demons along with animals in the descending order of merit. Sages along with angels belong to Nivrutti. Human beings belong to Pravrutti. Demons along with animals belong to Dushpravrutti. This is the classification of souls as per merits and defects.]

 

Ākṛṣṭāścārurūpeṇa,
 gurūṇāṃ durguṇā narāḥ |
Sadguṇāḥ parivartante,
rahasyaṃ rāsagam tvidam ||

[Bad souls, having illegal ideas of sex belonging to Dushpravrutti, get attracted by the physical beauty of spiritual preachers and become close to the spiritual preachers in the beginning stage. On hearing the spiritual preachings from those spiritual preachers, these bad souls become good souls. The reason for this is that the bad souls become devotees of God and on knowing that God likes justice and dislikes injustice, these souls leave their unjust bad qualities and imbibe justified good qualities to get the grace of God. All this is the background secret indicated by this Rāsa dance.]

 

Ṛṣayo devatā daityāḥ,
naradṛśyā guṇakramāt |
Paśavaśca pṛthak bhūmau,
prekṣaṇīyāśca pañcadhā ||

[In this world of human beings and animals, you can’t see best sages along with good angels and worst demons, who live in the upper and lower worlds respectively. On this earth, you can find human beings and animals only. The sages, angels, mixed human beings, animals (even though animals are seen separately on the earth) and demons are visible in humanity on the earth. Best devoted saints are sages, good human beings are angels, mixed human beings are meritorious with some defects, fully ignorant and bad human beings are animals and worst human beings are demons. In this way, you can find five types of souls:- best sages, good angels, mixed human beings, separately seen bad animals (since they cannot discriminate good and bad) and worst demons (since they discriminate good and bad, but, always practice bad) on this earth itself. All these four types (sages, angels, animals and demons) are seen in humanity also and the fifth type (mixed human beings) exist in humanity only.]

 

Bhaktāssanto miśrāścājñāḥ,
doṣiṇaḥ kramaśo narāḥ |
Daṇḍo doṣavaśo nityam,
daṇḍo janmāvalī paśoḥ ||

[In the descending order of merit, we can find the best saints with devotion, good angels without any defect, mixed human beings with merits and defects, animals with full ignorance and demons with complete defects. Even though animals are seen separately, animals also exist in human beings having full ignorance. The defect is always linked with punishment. We feel that animals are excused and not punished since they are completely ignorant of merit and defect. But, in their case, the continuous animal births themselves are the punishments for such ignorant souls.]

 

Puṇyasvarge dharmabhogaḥ,
tīvrakarmaphalaṃ bhuvi |
Sāmānya puṇyapāpābhyām,
paraloka gatirnṛṇām ||

[Merit is rewarded in heaven that gives good and justified pleasures, whereas defect is punished in hell that gives torture. Actually, reward and punishment are given on this earth itself immediately if the deeds are very intensive. Only merits and defects of normal level are obtained in the upper worlds called heaven and hell.]

 

Anityaphala mutsṛjya,
nityaBrahma rato bhuvi |
Brahma yogī gato bhūmim,
avatārasya sevayā ||

[The soul, which is not interested in either temporary heaven or temporary hell will not be interested in the worldly activities. By this, the soul is detached from all the worldly bonds. Such soul is interested in the permanent abode of God and is always engaged in doing the mission of God on this earth. Such soul will reach the permanent abode of God and will always be with God coming to the earth along with God to serve God whenever God descends to earth regularly as human incarnation.]

 

Guravo Brahmacaryasthāḥ,
Skhalitā hyādyadaṇḍitāḥ |
Śiṣyāṇāṃ pūrvamevāsīt,
pāpa daṇḍo nirantaraḥ ||

[When the bad female/male souls get associated with male/female spiritual preachers, the spiritual preachers must be very careful about their character without crossing the boundaries of celibacy. If the illegal sin of sex is committed, both the preachers and the bad disciples have to go to hell. There is no loss for the bad disciples because anyway, they are committing the same sin in their Dushpravrutti with other bad human beings. But, there is heavy loss for the spiritual preachers because these preachers unnecessarily get punishment for the first time.]

 

Anyonya skhalane śiṣyāḥ,
daṇḍitāḥ pūrvato'dhikam |
Dushpravṛtter daiva deśaḥ,
pavitra tara mityataḥ ||

[If the bad disciples commit the sin of sex among themselves, such disciples face more severe punishments than the punishments obtained by them when they were in the previous Dushpravrutti. Even though the sin is one and the same in the previous Dushpravrutti as well as in the present spiritual place, the punishment given in the hell becomes more severe now since the spiritual place is more sacred than the previous place of Dushpravrutti. The concept behind this is that the soul is not changed even in the more sacred place.]

 

Duṣpravṛttissamākarṣet,
pravṛttisthān janānapi |
Duṣpravṛttyaṃśuko rāso,
nivṛttiriti nāṭakāt ||

[The bad Dushpravrutti attracts even the people fixed in Pravrutti. A person established in family life is attracted by the prostitute (The word ‘Prostitute’ not only means a sex worker, but also means any person involved in premarital or extramarital affair of illegal sex.) if the opportunity comes by itself and if confidentiality is also maintained. It appears as if this Rāsa dance attracts even the Gopikas, who are leading their justified family lives. This concept of the public of coming Kali age is enacted in this divine play by the Gopikas.]

 

Saundaryaṃ mama pātrastham,
naṭo devo munistathā |
Duṣpravṛtti samākṛṣṭa —
pravṛtti pātra saṅgataḥ ||

[The external beauty of this Krishna stands for the attractive Dushpravrutti in this divine play. Once again, I am reminding that this Krishna is not Dushpravrutti at all because this Krishna is the ultimate God. Dushpravrutti is only My role, whereas God is the actor of such role. Even Gopikas are in the roles of Pravrutti-souls attracted by Dushpravrutti since the actors of these Gopika-roles are sages doing severe penance for God for the past millions of births and are in the state of climax of Nivrutti.]

 

Antarārthe tu viduṣām,
Nivṛttiṃ Gopikā gatāḥ |
Ajñānāṃ duṣpravṛttiṃ ca,
vetti Bhāgavataṃ hi vit ||

[In this divine play, even the internal meaning is also reflected. If this Krishna is recognized as God, Gopikas fixed in Pravrutti life are attracted to God Krishna by breaking all their worldly bonds. In this way of internal essence, Gopikas are travelling from Pravrutti to Nivrutti. This internal meaning is for the scholars of spiritual knowledge, who recognize Me as God. Ordinary people see Me as a beautiful human being without character misleading the Pravrutti-Gopikas to Dushpravrutti. Only the top scholar can understand the real sense of the Bhāgavatam!]

 

Mohatyāga nivṛttiścet,
kathaṃ rāsaḥ kriyātmakaḥ? |
Iti cenna sarvabandha —
Daiva bandhe'sya mohadṛk ||

[Since in Nivrutti, only the fascinations to the worldly bonds are broken for the sake of the single bond with God in order to work in the mission of God, you may argue that if we take this dance as journey from Pravrutti to Nivrutti, then, how this physical Rāsa-dance is justified? The answer is that when all the worldly bonds unite to form single bond with God, the fascinations of all the worldly bonds become the fascination for God. In such case, the fascination for spouse can exist as such fascination for God, which is justified from the angle of devotee. But, this should not be forced on God.]

 

Brahmānandasya me tanna,
Pramāṇaguṇa bhedataḥ |
Rādhāyāṃ tvayi tulyāyām,
Ātmānandasamanvayaḥ ||

[God, the infinite ocean of bliss, does not have such worldly fascinations because the happiness obtained from worldly items is insignificant and different from the divine bliss in both qualitative and quantitative aspects. Worldly happiness is illusory and divine bliss is real (qualitative difference). Worldly happiness is not even a trace before the infinite bliss (quantitative difference). Hence, I, God Krishna, am interested only in you, Radha, the other infinite ocean of bliss, who is the incarnation of the same unimaginable God like Myself. This fascination towards Radha is the interest in self-bliss only since Radha and Myself are one only. Both our roles are played by one basic actor only, who is the unimaginable God or Parabrahman. The dualism is only in the external media, whereas monism exists in the internal self-God.]

 

Daivadharmāya rāso'yam,
Sarūpa jīva sṛṣṭimān |
Advaitātma bahirdvaitāt,
Brahmokta Brahmacāryaham ||

[Since the fascination of the devotee towards God is also justified, God arranged this creation of duplicate forms of God following the devotional justice, which is that God shall give the boon for any penance. Internally, Radha and Krishna are one only and dualism is only due to the external unreal roles. Therefore, I remain as the perfect celibate as told by God Brahma since Radha uniting with Me is Myself.]

 

Sarva sāre duṣpravṛttyā,
Kṛṣṭo jīvassa bhaktigaḥ |
Moho duṣṭasya bhaktissyāt,
sāmānyād gamya bhedataḥ ||

[The beginning and the end concepts of this raasa-dance are Dushpravrutti and Nivrutti respectively. This is like a straight road from the lowest hell to the highest Goloka, which is above the abode of God. Totally, this dance indicates the following essence:- Gopikas are attracted by the beauty of Krishna and fall into Dushpravrutti leaving their justified Pravrutti life. If Krishna is taken as an ordinary human being, Gopikas have to reach hell for severe punishment. If you take Krishna as God, Gopikas are attracted by the more superior beauty of God (This attraction by physical beauty is a common factor for Dushpravrutti and sweet devotion by which the soul is immediately attracted from Dushpravrutti to the sweet devotion of God.) and they are turned into climax devotees of God, who cross Pravrutti also and enter into Nivrutti and even Mahā Nivrutti to reach the highest goal. The essential concept of this background is that if the worldly lust of the worst soul is transformed into devotion to God (since both lust and devotion are fascinations only), the worst sinner can become the climax devotee of God. The fascination remains the same and only the direction is to be changed.]

 

Gamyabhedāt mokṣamārgaḥ,
moho'yaṃ durguṇassvayam |
Sa tālaḥ kuñjikā saiva,
diganyā bandhamokṣayoḥ ||

[Fascination by itself is considered as bad quality and it is also mentioned as a quality in the list of six vices. The same bad quality called fascination becomes the path for salvation if the goal of the fascination is changed from world to God. Same is the lock and same is the key. By rotating the key in two opposite directions, the same lock gets locked and unlocked.]

 

Moho lokāya bandho'yam,
moho Daivāya mokṣadaḥ |
Mohanāśo girikṣepaḥ,
rajjuvat parivartanam ||

[If the fascination is towards the world, the soul is entangled in the bonds of the world. If the same fascination is diverted towards God, salvation from worldly bonds is obtained. If the soul tries to destroy the fascination, the soul shall know that such an effort is like lifting the mountain. If the soul tries to change the same fascination from one direction to the other direction, it is as easy as twisting the direction of the two ends of a short rope.]

 

Sa svargād Brahmalokāya,
panthāssadguṇa jīvanam |
Mohenāyaṃ hi narakāt,
golokāya mahā'dbhutam! ||

[The soul with good qualities reaching the abode of God happens by the road from heaven to Brahmaloka (Abode of God). This preaching of Shri Rādhā Kṛṣṇa Gītā is the road from hell to Goloka. Hell is below the heaven and Goloka is above the abode of God. What a wonderful concept is this!!]

 

Moha eva sa saṃnyāsaḥ,
vyāptistrikaraṇair bhuvi |
Jñāna bhāṣaṇa sañcārāḥ,
saṃnyāsi lakṣaṇa trayam ||

[This fascination to God is called as saṃnyāsa or sainthood. If fascination for a goal exists, the mind, the words and the actions always follow the line of such fascination only. If fascination is absent, materialisation of mind and words (words mean orally propagating the mental concept) by roaming in the world is not fruitful. Saṃnyāsī or saint propagates the spiritual knowledge of God present in the mind through speeches by roaming in the world. These three aspects are related to the three instruments called Trikaraṇams, which are mind, word and action.]

 

Pravṛttestān nivṛttiśca,
pravṛtter duṣpravṛttigam |
Vyatyayena ca sadbodhāt,
duṣpravṛtter nivṛttigam ||

[There are four indications of this Rāsa-dance:- i) Some souls have fallen from Pravrutti, which is justified life with spouse, into Dushpravrutti, which is unjust worldly life with a prostitute, due to the external attraction of physical beauty present in Dushpravrutti (Gopikas present in Pravrutti are attracted by the physical beauty of Krishna, who is treated as an ordinary human being). ii) The souls fallen in Dushpravrutti are brought back to the Pravrutti (Krishna, as a good soul, advised Gopikas to go back to their homes preaching that Rāsa-dance is a sin). iii) The good souls present in Pravrutti reached God by breaking their worldly bonds (the Gopikas leading justified worldly life broke all their worldly bonds and reached God Krishna for Nivrutti). iv) The souls, who were lifted from Dushpravrutti to Pravrutti using the same attraction of physical beauty, proceeded further to Nivrutti and Mahā Nivrutti to reach the goal, which is even higher than the abode of God (the Gopikas danced with Krishna attracted by His physical beauty due to their Dushpravrutti initially, diverted all their fascinations of all their worldly bonds towards God so that they reached Goloka, which is higher than the abode of God).]

 

Bhaktir mohaḥ parābhaktiḥ,
vyāmoho bhidyate na yat |
Nivṛttau ca pravṛttau ca,
prāksurā nava pātragā ||

[The same item called as ‘moha’ or ‘fascination’ in worldly life (Pravrutti) is called as ‘Bhakti’ or ‘Devotion’ in spiritual life (Nivrutti). Similarly, the word ‘vyāmoha’ or ‘climax fascination’ in worldly life is called as ‘Parā Bhakti’ or ‘Climax Devotion’ in spiritual life. There is no change in the material since only the container is changed as per the worldly saying “Old wine in new bottle”.]

(To be Continued…)


Chapters:

Chapter-1: The Depression-Yoga of Raadhaa

Chapter-2: The Essence of Sainthood-Yoga

Chapter-3: The Analysis of Unimaginable Power-Yoga

Chapter-4: The Analysis of Pravrutti-Nivrutti Yoga

Chapter-5: The Analysis of Raasakeli-Yoga

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