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For Scholars Posted on: 17/04/2026SIXTH PART - CONCLUSION:
Swami:- Drashtaa or jnaataa is seer or knower or subject, who sees or knows the object, called drushyam or jneyam. Druk or jnaanam is the process of seeing or knowing. Druk (sight) or jnaanam (knowledge) is referred to the process of seeing or knowing. There is no difference between druk (sight) or jnaanam (knowledge) and drashtaa (seer) or jnaataa (knower) respectively. The seer or knower is nothing but a container containing the sight or knowledge. Therefore, seer is sight and knower is knowledge. The sight or knowledge becomes the subject as well as the work...
For Scholars Posted on: 09/04/2026FIFTH PART:
[Shri PVNM Sharma asked:- How to correlate Saamkhya of Kapila and Yoga of Patanjali in the philosophy of Shankara with reference to the Gita of Krishna?]
Swami Replied:- Kapila, Krishna and Shankara are incarnations of God and in their philosophies, a specific soul (like their souls) is God only. Kapila indicated that Purusha or human incarnation like Himself is God. Krishna told that He Himself is God in human form. Shankara told that the soul (like His own soul) alone is God. All these three mean the absolute unimaginable awareness or God expressed in a mediated...
For Scholars Posted on: 01/04/2026FOURTH PART:
[Shri M. Gangaiah garu (Advocate and excellent scholar of Gita and Upanishads) asked:- The Veda (Mahaavaakyaas) says that the soul is God (Brahman) and awareness is Brahman. The explanation says that God became the soul by forgetting Himself and by knowing that it is God, it becomes again God. Salvation means that soul is liberated from its nature on becoming God.]
Swami replied:- This is the most attracting rope (that soul is God) by which any soul, especially an atheist is attracted. In this theory, there is no need of any effort and by simply knowing that one is God, the soul must become God. I may forget some parts of the subject I studied, but, I (including the illiterate) never forget my identity. Only a mad person forgets his identity. Does this not mean that...
For Scholars Posted on: 24/03/2026THIRD PART
[Dr. Nikhil asked:- I need clarification: Advaitins never say that the unimaginable God mediated by awareness is Īśvara. According to them, awareness is Brahman. The same awareness when limited by a small (vyashti) upaadhi is an individual, and when ‘limited’ by the infinite or limitless (samashti) upadhi, is Ishwara. The concepts of “unimaginable God mediated by awareness” or “unimaginable God mediated by an energetic body containing awareness” are both part of Swami’s philosophy. Advaitins never speak about them.]
Swami replied:- In both these words (unimaginable awareness and imaginable awareness) the common word is awareness, which means to know about itself (Atma jnaanam) and to know things other than...
1. Is it correct to say the following by different followers?
[Prof. J.S.R. Prasad asked:- The followers of Ramanuja say that Ramanuja is God (Bhagavad Ramanuja) and Shankara is a tiny part or ray of God (Shankara Bhagavatpaada). Is it correct?]
Swami replied:- When Ramanuja is said to be God, they are agreeing that Ramanuja belongs to monism or Advaita in which the soul is said to be God. Actually, monism is established by Shankara...
For Scholars Posted on: 11/03/2026SECOND PART
[Phani:- How can we correlate the concepts of God and Mithyaa nature of world etc., in the philosophies of the three preachers (Shankara, Ramanuja and Madhva) in this context?]
Swami replied:- The basic unimaginable dualism (that unimaginable God can separate from Īśvara if wishes even though He never separates) made Shankara to stick to unimaginable God before creation only called as Nirguna Brahman...
For Scholars Posted on: 26/02/2026FIFTH PART: Conclusions :-
A producer-director of a cinema came to see the cinema along with his servant. The producer-director saw the cinema from the beginning to end without sleeping. The servant saw the cinema up to the interval and slept after the interval. The cinema continued to run till end since the producer-director is seeing it. In fact, the cinema is put on the screen only for his sake and not for the sake of his servant...
For Scholars Posted on: 23/02/2026FOURTH PART: Five Items in the Process of Knowing :-
Knowing is an action. In the context of any action, including the action of knowing, there are five items. They are the kartā or the doer of the action, the karma or the object on which the action is done, the karaṇam or the instrument with which the action is done, the kriyā or the process of doing itself and the kriyā phalam or the fruit of the action. Let us try to identify what these five items exactly...
For Scholars Posted on: 21/02/2026THIRD PART: Enjoyer in all the three states :-
If you consider the bundle of thoughts itself to be the subtle body, it means that you are considering it to be the container. Who then is the possessor contained inside the container of the bundle of thoughts? You might argue that the possessor contained in the bundle of thoughts is pure awareness. That might be fine, but it leads to another problem. If the bundle of thoughts itself is considered...
For Scholars Posted on: 18/02/2026SECOND PART: Interpreting the Four States for a Human Being
As per the theory of Śaṅkara, every human being is said to be Brahman (God) in an essential sense. So, every human being becomes an Incarnation of God. This, of course, is not true! Śaṅkara was forced to twist facts in His theory so as to encourage atheists to adopt His theory and become theists. So, in His commentary regarding these four states, Śaṅkara interpreted the Veda in the context of an ordinary...
For Scholars Posted on: 16/02/2026Dr. Nikhil asked (on phone):- Advaitins say that the subtle body is made of thoughts (vāsanās) and the causal body is made of ignorance (avidyā). Can You please clarify this point?
FIRST PART: The Four States Analysis Applies Only to an Incarnation
Swami replied: O Learned and Devoted Servants of God! In the case of a human being, the gross body is made of the five elements or matter, the subtle body is made of inert energy and the causal body is made of awareness in the form of thoughts or qualities (Vaasanas). These thoughts (forms of awareness) are the cause of the entire behavior of the individual soul and hence, this body can be called...
For Scholars Posted on: 23/01/2026Every Soul Has Equal Chance to Become Incarnation
Shri Datta Swami could easily bring this 1% monism to 0% since the difference is negligible and in this point all the credit goes to earlier divine preachers only, who paved the way to be very smooth. In this line, there is no danger since removal of ambition does not hurt the ego of any human being. But, in His philosophy, the most dangerous concept of contemporary human incarnation was projected very well. Generally, this concept results in terrible...
For Scholars Posted on: 20/01/2026[Shri. Ajay asked: “Bhagavan Shri Satya Sai Baba was repeatedly telling that every human being is God, which perfectly coincides with the Advaita Philosophy of Shankara. This philosophy is opposed mainly by the concept that a specific human being alone is God, which is contemporary human incarnation. Reconciliation of these two contradicting concepts is to be clarified and this is the basic necessity in the spiritual knowledge”.]
Shri Swami Replied: First, let us take the most important and most sacred epics like the Shrimad Ramayanam and the Shrimad Bhagavatam, which represent the concept of the specific contemporary human incarnation. Thus, we are starting from one side thoroughly...
For Scholars Posted on: 17/01/20261. Is medium Kārya Māyā Śakti and internal form the Kāraṇa Māyā Śakti + Parabrahman in incarnation of God?
[Shri Ramakanth asked:- Swami, in the 11th verse of 17th Chapter in Radhakrishna Gita, it is written “Following the first meaning as product, Prakruti is having both inert and non-inert items. Both Anaghā and Datta bear Prakruti (product) externally as their media. Internally, both have Purusha (cause). Hence, both Anaghā and Datta have Prakruti (Mahā Māyā) externally as their media and Purusha...
For Scholars Posted on: 08/12/2025(Jagajjīva Vicāra Yogaḥ)
Śrī Rādhā Devī uvāca:-
[Shri Radha Devi spoke:-]
1) Sajiivaka jagat sṛṣṭaṃ, kimartham? rāsakelaye।
Ityajña bhāṣitaṃ kasmāt?, kiṃ jīvaḥ prakṛtiḥ parā?॥
[Why have You created the world with souls? Ignorant people say that You have created this world to enjoy this Rāsa-dance. Why such blame comes to You only? Is soul the best part of the world?]...
For Scholars Posted on: 07/10/2025(Knowledge of the Analysis of Yoga)
1. So far the object to be attained, which is God (Brahman) and the subject or the item that is attaining object, which is soul (Jiiva), are discussed and now the way of attainment (Yoga) is discussed. The word Yoga comes from the root word ‘Yuj’, which means the way of attainment (attainer, attainment and attained make the triad or triputi). The word Yoga simply means attainment...
For Scholars Posted on: 05/10/2025(Knowledge of The Qualities and Deeds Based on Ignorance)
1) Awareness has four functional faculties:- 1) Mind or Manah, which causes thinking in one way and in other way also. 2) Intelligence or Buddhi, which does logical analysis and arrives at conclusion. 3) Basic ego or ahamkaara, which indicates the individual soul as the central part of awareness denoted by a constant thought pulse ‘I’ and 4) Identification and memory or chittam, which grasps information of any external thing through senses (samjnaanam) and stores it for memory (smaranam) based on the root word...
For Scholars Posted on: 26/09/2025(Knowledge of the Soul and Individual Soul)
1) Ramanuja told that the world is true but not eternal. It is like the flowing water, which changes constantly with the speed. If the truth of the world is taken as relative truth, there is no difference between Shankara and Ramanuja. Ramanuja spoke about relative truth only keeping silent on the absolute truth. Shankara spoke about absolute truth and the relative truth also. This is not any difference...
For Scholars Posted on: 15/09/2025(Knowledge of The Essence of The World)
1) Jiiva means the individual soul whereas Aatman means soul. Individual soul is awareness and soul is the inert energy, which is converted into awareness existing in the form of specific work while functioning in a specific nervous system. When the electricity functions in a specific machine called cutting machine, the electricity is converted into a specific work called cutting work. When the same electricity functions in another specific machine called grinding machine, it is converted into a specific form of work called grinding work. The electricity is the soul...
For Scholars Posted on: 25/08/2025Dr. Nikhil asked: Padanamaskarams Swamiji, I offer the following question at Your lotus feet for Your kind clarification. Your servant, Nikhil
According to many philosophies including Vedānta, only the unimaginable God (Parabrahman) is truly unborn (aja). His existence is absolute and spans the past, the present...
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